Social Science - Class: V
Ch 3 – Weather and Climate
Exercise A (Choose the correct answer)
1. (a) Torrid Zone
2. (b) Temperate Zone
3. (b) Frigid Zone
4. (a) Land breeze
5. (a) Cold
6. (b) Direct
7. (a) Three
Exercise B(Answer these questions)
Ans 1. Difference between weather and climate:
Ans 2. The factors that
determine the climate of a place are:
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(i) Latitude(Distance from the Equator)
(ii) Altitude
(iii) Distance
from the sea
(iv) Direction of
the wind
(v) Rainfall and
Humidity
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(i)
Latitude(Distance from the Equator)
The
climate of a place is affected by its distance from the Equator. The Places
near the Equator receives direct sunlight thus become very hot and humid but the places far from the equator or at
higher latitude receives slanting sunrays thus have moderate climate.
(ii)
Altitude
As
we move to higher altitudes climate remains cool. So places situated at these
altitudes experience cool climate in summer also .For example- Hill stations
like Shimla, Kullu-Manali etc .
On the other hand places situated at
lower altitudes(near plains) are hot in summers and cold in winters. For
example- Bihar, Delhi etc.
(iii)
Distance from the sea
The
climate of a place is also affected by its distance from the sea. Places which
are situated far away from the sea are hot in summers and cold in winters but
the places situated near to the sea have moderate climate during summer and
winter.
This is
because of the land and sea breezes which occur in the coastal regions.
(iv)
Direction of the wind
The
direction from which winds blow also affect the climate of a place. Winds
blowing over from regions which are hot tend to increase the temperature of a
place, similarly winds coming from regions which are cold tend to decrease the
temperature of a place.
(v)
Rainfall and humidity
Humidity
also affects the climate of a place as it causes rainfall. Places near coastal
areas are more humid because the winds blowing over these areas originate from
the sea. On the other hand Climate in the deserts is extremely hot because they
receive little or no rainfall because winds blowing in desert regions are dry
and have no moisture.
Ans
3. The areas with similar climatic conditions are grouped
into different Heat Zones.
Based
on the heat received from the Sun, The Earth is divided into three Heat Zones.
These
are:
(a)
The Torrid Zone (b) The Temperate
Zone (c) The Frigid Zone
Ans
4. Temperate zone receives the moderate sunlight in both the
hemisphere hence the places that comes under temperate zones have moderate type
of climate. The places remain neither too hot nor too cold.
But,
Frigid Zone near poles in both hemisphere receives slanting rays and very less
heat from the sun therefore it remains frigid throughout the year and thus
experience very cold climate.
Ans
5. The areas with similar climatic conditions are grouped into
different Heat Zones.
Based
on the heat received from the Sun, The Earth is divided into three Heat Zones.
These
are:
(a)
The Torrid Zone (b) The Temperate
Zone (c) The Frigid Zone
(a) Torrid Zone: The area between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of
Capricorn is known as the Torrid Zone. This region experiences direct sunrays
of the sun throughout the year thus remains very hot and humid throughout the
year. This zone has tropical climate.
Some of the countries which lies in torrid zone are Southern India,
Indonesia, Northern Australia, Africa etc.
(b) Temperate Zone: This zone lie
between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere
and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle in the southern
hemisphere. This zone gets the slanting rays of the Sun as the angle of the Sun’s
rays goes on decreasing towards the Poles. Thus this zone experiences moderate climate.
Some of the countries
which lies in temperate zone are USA, Russia, Australia etc
(c)
Frigid Zone: The frigid zone lies between the
Arctic Circle and the North Pole and between the Antarctic Circle and the South
Pole. This zone is also known as the Polar region. Since it receives the
extreme slanting rays of the Sun, the temperature is extremely low throughout
the year. This is the reason why the polar regions are generally covered with
ice.
Canada, Alska, Greenland, Antarctica etc lies in this zone.
Exercise C(Think and answer)
South pole lies in the Frigid zone. It experiences slanting rays
of the sun for few months. Thus South pole experiences extreme cold throughout the year.
